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VSTACK

Dynamic arrays (Microsoft 365)

Pile ranges on top of each other into one tall list — combine tabs or blocks before you filter or total.

Difficulty

Amateur
Excel file

1What is it?

VSTACK stacks two or more ranges vertically — the rows of the first, then the rows of the second, and so on — and spills the combined block as one array. It's the clean way to append: glue the January, February, and March sheets into one ledger, or add this week's rows under last week's, without copy-paste. Because the result is live, editing any source range updates the stack. Pair it with FILTER, SORT, or SUMIFS to analyse everything at once. Microsoft 365.

2What it looks like

VSTACK(array1, [array2], …)
array1
The first range — it sits on top.
[array2], …
More ranges, stacked underneath in order. Narrower ranges are padded with #N/A out to the widest one.

3When you use it

  • Combine monthly or per-sheet tables into one before analysing them.
  • Append new rows to a list without touching the original range.
  • Feed a single stacked range into FILTER / SORT / UNIQUE / a PivotTable.

4See it in action

Change the inputs — the formula and result update live. Prefer the real thing? Download the Excel file and open it in Excel.

VSTACK piles ranges on top of each other — here the West column, then the East column, become one tall list you could FILTER or total. In Excel the sources are usually whole sheets (Jan, Feb, Mar).

C2
fx
=VSTACK(A2:A4, B2:B4)$80,000
ABC
1WestEastResult
2$80,000$70,000$80,000
3$85,000$95,000$85,000
4$88,000$90,000$88,000
5$70,000
6$95,000
7$90,000

The lime cell holds the formula — click it (or any cell) to see its contents in the bar above, just like Excel. Edit the blue cells to watch it recompute.

5Common errors

#N/A paddingThe stacked ranges have different widths.

Fix: Give every range the same number of columns — the narrower ones fill with #N/A otherwise.

#SPILL!Something blocks the cells the result needs to fill.

Fix: Clear the cells below the formula.

#NAME?You're on a version without VSTACK.

Fix: VSTACK needs Microsoft 365 (2022+) — otherwise reference the ranges into a helper area instead.

6Better functions & alternatives

  • HSTACK — The sideways sibling — combines ranges into extra columns instead of extra rows.
  • FILTER — Often paired: VSTACK to combine, then FILTER to narrow the combined block.
  • Power Query — Append — For very large or refreshable combines, append tables in Power Query instead.

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