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Statistical function

PERCENTILE.INC

Returns the value at a given percentile, k from 0 to 1 inclusive.

CommonDifficulty 1250 · ProficientUsage rank #122 of 520

Practice · 3 questions →

When to use it

The value below which a given fraction of the data falls, inclusive of the ends: k = 0 is the minimum and k = 1 the maximum. Excel interpolates between data points.

The shape of it

Syntax: =PERCENTILE.INC(array, k)

Worked examples

Interpolated
=PERCENTILE.INC({1,2,3,4,5},0.9) → 4.6
Position 1 + 0.9 × 4 = 4.6, between the 4 and the 5.
Median
=PERCENTILE.INC(A2:A100,0.5) → 52,000
The median.
First quartile
=PERCENTILE.INC({1,2,3,4,5},0.25) → 2
Position 2 exactly.

Worth knowing

SLA math: the 95th percentile response time is PERCENTILE.INC(times,0.95).
PERCENTILE.EXC gives slightly different values and cannot reach the ends; most reporting uses INC.
Compute several at once with an array of k values in Microsoft 365.

Where it goes wrong

#NUM! when k is outside 0 to 1.
Different tools use different interpolation rules, so numbers may not match a database exactly.

AVERAGE COUNT COUNTA COUNTIF COUNTIFS MAX

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