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Math function

MDETERM

Returns the determinant of a square matrix.

Rarely usedDifficulty 1450 · AdvancedUsage rank #376 of 520
Practice · 2 questions →

When to use it

Determinant of a square matrix. Zero means the matrix cannot be inverted; a system of equations with that matrix has no unique solution.

The shape of it

Syntax
=MDETERM(array)

Worked examples

  • 2 by 2

    =MDETERM({1,2;3,4}) -2

    1×4 - 2×3.

  • Diagonal

    =MDETERM({2,0;0,3}) 6

    Diagonal matrices multiply the diagonal.

  • 3 by 3 range

    =MDETERM(A1:C3) -3

    A1:C3 holds 1,2,3 / 4,5,6 / 7,8,10.

Worth knowing

  • Check MDETERM before MINVERSE: a zero determinant means #NUM! is coming.
  • Array constants use commas between columns and semicolons between rows.
  • Values very close to zero indicate a nearly singular matrix and unstable results.

Where it goes wrong

  • #VALUE! when the range is not square or contains blanks or text.
  • Floating-point residues can make an exactly singular matrix look like 1E-15.

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